LATIHAN SOAL SEL (KELAS XI)

Chapter 7
1. To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass through
a. a microtubule.
b. the Golgi apparatus.
c. a ribosome.
d. the nucleus.
e. the plasma membrane.
ans: E
2. Which of the following would not be considered part of a cell's cytoplasm?
a. a ribosome
b. the nucleus
c. a mitochondrion
d. a microtubule
e. fluid between the organelles
ANS: D
3. Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; in comparison to a typical eukaryotic cell they
a. lack a nucleus.
b. have a smaller nucleus.
c. lack a plasma membrane.
d. have fewer internal membranous compartments.
e. have a greater variety of organelles.
ANS: C
4. The maximum size of a cell is limited by
a. its need for enough surface area for exchange with its environment.
b. the number of organelles that can be packed inside.
c. the materials needed to build it.
d. the amount of flexibility it needs to be able to move.
e. the amount of food it needs to survive.
ANS: A
5. You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to
a. make a lot of ATP.
b. secrete a lot of material.
c. move actively.
d. perform photosynthesis.
e. store large quantities of food.
ANS: B
6. Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?
a. mitochondrion - photosynthesis
b. nucleus - cellular respiration
c. ribosome - manufacture of lipids
d. lysosome - movement
e. central vacuole - storage
ANS:E
7. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have several common feature; for example,
a. both are capable of semiautonomous growth and reproduction.
b. neither are components of the endomembrane system.
c. each contains a small amount of DNA
d. each organelle synthesizes some of its own protein.
e. all of the above.
ANS: B
8. In muscle cells the ____ is/are specialized for the storage and release of calcium.
a. mitochondria
b. smooth ER
c. the Golgi apparatus
d. contractile vacuoles
e. rough ER
ANS: D
9. Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing substances needed by the cell?
a. lysosome, vacuole, ribosome
b. ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER
c. vacuole, rough ER, smooth ER
d. smooth ER, ribosome, vacuole
e. rough ER, lysosome, vacuole
ANS: A COMPLETE ANS: RIBOSOM- ROUGH ER- GOLGY APPARATUS-LYSOSOME
10. The internal skeleton of a cell is composed of
a. microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments.
b. cellulose and intermediate filaments.
c. cellulose, microtubules, and centrioles.
d. microfilaments.
e. microfilaments and cellulose.
ANS: A
11. A certain cell has mitochondria, ribosomes, smooth and rough ER, and other parts. Based on this information, it could not be
a. a cell from a pine tree.
b. a grasshopper cell.
c. a yeast (fungus) cell.
d. a bacterium.
e. Actually, it could be any of the above.
ANS: D
12. Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through a
a. tight junction.
b. microtubule.
c. desmosome.
d. plasmodesma.
e. gap junction.
ANS: D
13. A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough ER and eventually used to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably changed in the
a. Golgi apparatus.
b. smooth ER.
c. mitochondrion.
d. nucleus.
e. chloroplast.
ANS: A
14. When elongated, tube-shaped cells from the lining of the intestine are treated with a certain chemical, the cells sag and become round blobs. The internal structures disrupted by this chemical are probably
a. cell junctions.
b. microtubules.
c. rough ER.
d. mitochondria.
e. dynein.
ANS: B
15. The electron microscope has been particularly useful in studying bacteria, because
a. electrons can penetrate tough bacterial cell walls.
b. bacteria are so small.
c. bacteria move so quickly they are hard to photograph.
d. with few organelles present, bacteria are distinguished by differences in individual macromolecules.
e. their organelles are small and tightly packed together.
ANS: B
16. Cell fractionation is the most appropriate procedure for preparing ____ for study.
a. isolated cells which are normally found tightly attached to neighboring cells
b. cells without a functional cytoskeleton
c. isolated organelles
d. the basic macromolecules
e. bone and other similar cells that are situated within a mineral framework
ANS: E
17. Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
a. the presence or absence of a rigid cell wall
b. whether or not the cell is partitioned by internal membranes
c. the presence or absence of ribosomes
d. whether or not the cell carries out cellular metabolism
e. whether or not the cell contains DNA
ANS: B
18. Sara would like to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Her best choice for a microscope would be a
a. light microscope, because of its resolving power.
b. transmission electron microscope, because of its magnifying power.
c. scanning electron microscope, because the specimen is alive.
d. transmission electron microscope, because of its great resolving power.
e. light microscope, because the specimen is alive.
ANS: C
19. A plant cell was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides, the parts from which DNA is built. Later examination of the cell showed the radioactivity to be concentrated in the
a. rough ER.
b. peroxisome.
c. smooth ER.
d. central vacuole.
e. nucleus.
ANS: D
20. When isolated liver cells are combined with toxins, initial processing in the ___ increases the solubility of these compounds as an initial step in their excretion.
a. smooth ER
b. Golgi apparatus
c. mitochondrion
d. rough ER
e. lysosome
ANS: B

Chapter 8
1. The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called
a. diffusion.
b. endocytosis.
c. phagocytosis.
d. active transport.
e. osmosis.
ANS: E
2. The concentration of calcium in a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 0.1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?
a. passive transport
b. diffusion
c. active transport
d. osmosis
e. any of the above
ANS: C
3. Phospholipid molecules in a membrane are arranged with their ____ on the exterior and their ____ on the interior.
a. hydrophobic heads . . . hydrophilic tails
b. hydrophilic heads . . . hydrophobic tails
c. nonpolar heads . . . polar tails
d. hydrophobic tails . . . hydrophilic heads
e. hydrophilic tails . . . hydrophobic heads
ANS: B
4. In osmosis, water always moves toward the ____ solution--that is, toward the solution with the ____ solute concentration.
a. isotonic . . . greater
b. hypertonic . . . greater
c. hypertonic . . . lesser
d. hypotonic . . . greater
e. hypotonic . . . lesser
ANS: E
5. Which of the following enables a cell to pick up and concentrate a specific kind of molecule?
a. passive transport
b. diffusion
c. osmosis
d. receptor-mediated endocytosis
e. exocytosis
AND:D
6. The concentration of solutes in a red blood cell is about 2%. Sucrose cannot pass through the membrane, but water and urea can. Osmosis would cause red blood cells to shrink the most when immersed in which of the following solutions?
a. a hypertonic sucrose solution
b. a hypotonic sucrose solution
c. a hypertonic urea solution
d. a hypotonic urea solution
e. pure water
ANS: A
7. Which of the following is a difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?
a. active transport involves transport proteins and facilitated diffusion does not.
b. facilitated diffusion can move solutes against a concentration gradient and active transport cannot.
c. facilitated diffusion requires energy from ATP and active transport does not.
d. facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins and active transport does not.
e. active transport requires energy from ATP and facilitated diffusion does not.
ANS: E
8. Which of the following best describes the general structure of a cell membrane?
a. proteins sandwiched between two layers of phospholipid
b. proteins embedded in two layers of phospholipid
c. a layer of protein coating a layer of phospholipid
d. phospholipids sandwiched between two layers of protein
e. phospholipids embedded in two layers of protein
ANS: B
9. Which of the following functional processes results from the presence of protein within the plasma membrane?
a. enzymatic activity
b. cell-cell recognition
c. intercellular joining
d. signal transduction
e. all of the above
ANS: E
10. Select the correct statement concerning membrane carbohydrate.
a. Carbohydrates are only found associated with the membranes of prokaryotic cells.
b. Glucose is the most abundant membrane carbohydrate.
c. Cell membranes consist of protein and phospholipid; carbohydrate is not a membrane component.
d. Membrane carbohydrates function primarily in cell-cell recognition.
e. When combined with protein, a glycolipid is formed.
ANS: C
11. Imagine two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane which allows water to pass, but not sucrose or glucose. The membrane separates a 0.2 M sucrose solution from a 0.2 glucose solution. With time, how will the solutions change?
a. Nothing happens because the two solutions are isotonic to one another.
b. Water enters the sucrose solution because the sucrose molecule is a disaccharide, and is larger than the monosaccharide glucose.
c. Water leaves the sucrose solution because the sucrose molecule is a disaccharide, and is larger than the monosaccharide glucose.
d. The sucrose solution is hypertonic and will gain water because the total mass of sucrose is greater than that of glucose.
e. After the sucrose dissociates to two monosaccharides, water will be osmostically drawn to that side of the membrane.
ANS: E
12. Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
a. active transport.
b. osmosis.
c. exocytosis.
d. passive transport.
e. facilitated diffusion.
ANS: B
13. The internal solute concentration of a plant cell is about 0.8 M. To demonstrate plasmolysis it would be necessary to suspend the cell in what solution?
a. distilled water
b. 0.4 M
c. 0.8 M
d. 1.0 M
e. any of the above
ANS: D
14. The result of the operation of an electrogenic pump would be
a. isotonicity.
b. a voltage difference across the membrane.
c. plasmolysis.
d. a cell with a positively charged interior.
e. a cell with a high internal concentration of protons.
ANS: B
15. A plant cell is placed in a solution whose solute concentration is twice as great as the concentration of the cell cytoplasm. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing water but not the solutes to pass through. What will happen to the cell?
a. No change will occur because it is a plant cell.
b. The cell will shrivel because of osmosis.
c. The cell will swell because of osmosis.
d. The cell will shrivel because of active transport of water.
e. The cell will swell because of active transport of water.
ANS: B
16. One consequence of the sidedness of the plasma membrane is that
a. molecules that begin on the inside face of the ER end up on the outside face of the plasma membrane.
b. the asymmetrical distribution of membrane proteins, lipids, and carbohydrate must be determined when the membrane is first constructed.
c. each membrane protein has directional orientation in the membrane.
d. membrane carbohydrates are restricted to the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane.
e. all of the above
ANS: B
17. Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through a cell membrane without the help of a transport protein?
a. a large polar molecule
b. a large nonpolar molecule
c. a small polar molecule
d. a small nonpolar molecule
e. Any of the above would easily diffuse through the membrane.
ANS: D
18. Red blood cells shrivel when placed in a 10% sucrose solution. When first placed in the solution, the solute concentration of the cells is ____ the concentration of the sucrose solution. After the cells shrivel, their solute concentration is ____ the concentration of the sucrose solution.
a. less than . . . greater than
b. greater than . . . less than
c. equal to . . . equal to
d. less than . . . equal to
e. greater than . . . equal to
ANS: E
19. A nursing infant is able to obtain disease-fighting antibodies, which are large protein molecules, from its mother's milk. These molecules probably enter the cells lining the baby's digestive tract via
a. osmosis.
b. passive transport.
c. exocytosis.
d. active transport.
e. endocytosis.
ANS: D
20. Which statement best describes phagocytosis?
a. Cells use this process to export products such as insulin or thyroxine.
b. A cell engulfs a particle by wrapping pseudopodia around it and packaging it within a vacuole.
c. Small droplets of extracellular fluid and all dissolved solutes enter the cell by this process.
d. Only specific extra cellular ligands enter the cell in this fashion.
e. After entry, the endocytotic vesicle migrates to and fuses with the Golgi apparatus.
ANS: B